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Citizen Question Oceania

Oceania — countries documented in the supplied census questionnaires

Australia

Status
Yes
Year
2016 & 2021
Form
Australian Census Personal Forms
Question
2016 Q13; 2021 citizenship item
Is the person an Australian citizen?

Responses:

Response / codeOption
1Yes, Australian citizen
2No

Question type: 1 — binary

Notes: Citizenship is asked directly.

Source: 2016 personal form 2016 household form 2016 online text version 2021 personal form 2021 household form 2021 household/interviewer form

Cook Islands

Status
Yes
Year
2016 & 2021
Form
Cook Islands Personal Forms
Question
2016 P4; 2021 Q4
What is your nationality? If not sure, what passport do you hold, if any?

Responses:

Response / codeOption
1New Zealander
2Australian
3French
4Other — please give the nationality

Question type: 2 — nationality categories plus write-in

Notes: The Cook Islands form asks nationality rather than using the wording citizenship.

Source: Cook Islands 2016 personal Cook Islands 2021 personal

Fiji

Status
Yes
Year
2017
Form
Fiji Census 2017 Questionnaire — Module A
Question
A3
What is this person's residency status?

Responses:

Response / codeOption
01Fiji Citizen
02Permit Holder
03Student Visa
04Visitor

Question type: 2 — residency/citizenship-status categories

Notes: The item is labelled residency status but explicitly includes Fiji Citizen.

Source: Fiji 2017 questionnaire

French Polynesia

Status
Yes
Year
2017 & 2022
Form
Recensement de la population — Bulletins individuels
Question
2017 Q4; 2022 Q4
Quelle est votre nationalité ? / What is your nationality?

Responses:

Response / codeOption
1Française — né(e) français(e)
2Française — devenu(e) français(e)
3Étrangère — indicate nationality

Question type: 2 — specified status categories plus nationality write-in

Notes: Both supplied individual forms ask nationality.

Source: French Polynesia 2017 individual French Polynesia 2022 individual

Kiribati

Status
Yes
Year
2020
Form
Kiribati Population Census — Person Roster
Question
P6
What is %rostertitle%'s citizenship?

Responses:

Response / codeOption
1Native-born citizen (I-Kiribati)
2Naturalized citizen
3Dual citizenship
4Tuvaluan
5Chinese
6Other — specify

Question type: 2 — citizenship status/nationality categories

Notes: The questionnaire contains explicit citizenship categories including native-born, naturalized, dual citizenship, and named foreign citizenships.

Source: Kiribati questionnaire

Nauru

Status
Yes
Year
2021
Form
Nauru Population and Housing Census — Module 3
Question
304
What is %rostertitle%'s citizenship?

Responses:

Response / codeOption
1Citizen of Nauru
2Dual citizenship (Nauru and another country)
3Kiribati
4Tuvalu
5Australia
6New Zealand
7Fiji
8Solomon Island
9Philippines
10PR China
11Republic of China
12Hong Kong
13India
97Other citizenship — describe

Question type: 2 — single-select citizenship list plus write-in

Notes: The questionnaire explicitly asks citizenship.

Source: Nauru questionnaire

New Caledonia

Status
Yes
Year
2025
Form
Recensement de la population — Bulletin individuel
Question
Q3
Quelle est votre nationalité ? / What is your nationality?

Responses:

Response / codeOption
1French — born French
2French — became French, e.g. naturalisation/declaration/at majority
3Foreign — specify nationality

Question type: 2 — nationality categories plus write-in

Notes: The individual form asks nationality rather than a separate citizenship question.

Source: New Caledonia questionnaire

Palau

Status
Yes
Year
2020
Form
2020 Census of Population and Housing — Section C
Question
C6
What is …’s citizenship country?

Responses:

Response / codeOption
1Palauan
2Dual Palauan
3U.S.
4China
5Bangladesh
6Japan
7FSM
8Philippines
9Other (write in)

Question type: 2 — coded citizenship list plus write-in

Notes: C6 was asked of all persons. The census report lists nine citizenship categories.

Source: Palau questionnaire

Samoa

Status
Yes
Year
2021
Form
Population and Housing Census — Household Questionnaire
Question
P10
Is (name) a citizen of Samoa?

Responses:

Response / codeOption
1Yes, born in Samoa with citizen parent(s)
2Yes, born abroad of Samoa with citizen parent(s)
3Yes, Samoa citizen by naturalisation
4No, not a citizen of Samoa

Question type: 2 — citizenship status categories

Notes: P10 is a direct citizenship question.

Source: Samoa census report/questionnaire

Tonga

Status
Yes
Year
2021
Form
Tonga Population and Housing Census — Individual Form
Question
ID1.14
What type of citizenship does this person have?

Responses:

Response / codeOption
1Tonga born citizen
2Tonga by naturalized citizen
3Dual citizenship (Tonga and other country)
4Other countries citizenship

Question type: 2 — citizenship-status categories

Notes: The individual form asks citizenship directly.

Source: Tonga individual

Tuvalu

Status
Yes
Year
2017
Form
2017 Tuvalu Mini CPH — Person Details
Question
PG4
What is %rostertitle% nationality?

Responses:

Response / codeOption
01Tuvaluan
02Other country — specify

Question type: 2 — nationality categories plus write-in

Notes: The training manual defines nationality as official country of citizenship by birth or naturalisation; a dual Tuvaluan national is treated as Tuvaluan.

Source: Tuvalu 2017 questionnaire Tuvalu 2017 training manual

Tuvalu

Status
Yes
Year
2022
Form
Tuvalu Long Form Census Questionnaire
Question
P3103
What is %rostertitle%'s nationality?

Responses:

Response / codeOption
01Tuvaluan
02Other country — specify

Question type: 2 — nationality categories plus write-in

Notes: The 2022 long form has the same two substantive nationality responses.

Source: Tuvalu 2022 long form

Vanuatu

Status
Yes
Year
2020
Form
2020 National Population and Housing Census Questionnaire
Question
A7–A8
What is XYZ's Citizenship? Does XYZ have another citizenship?

Responses:

Response / codeOption
01Vanuatu by birth
02Vanuatu by naturalisation
03Other Country
A7a/A7bSpecify other citizenship
A8Yes / No — another citizenship
A8aSelect names of other countries

Question type: 3 — primary citizenship plus multiple-citizenship follow-up

Notes: The questionnaire allows a primary citizenship and a separate additional-citizenship response.

Source: Vanuatu 2020 questionnaire

Wallis and Futuna

Status
Yes
Year
2023
Form
Population census — Individual form
Question
Q4
What is (are) your nationality(ies)?

Responses:

Response / codeOption
1French — you are French by birth
2French — you became French, e.g. by naturalisation, voluntary oath, or when you came of age
3Foreign — give your nationality(ies)

Question type: 3 — multiple-response nationality question

Notes: The individual form explicitly says multiple answers are possible.

Source: Wallis and Futuna 2023 individual