Ethnicity Questions Oceania

Oceania — countries documented in the supplied census questionnaires

Country:

American Samoa

Status: Yes
Year: 2020
Form: 2020 U.S. Decennial Census Questionnaire
Question: Q8 / Q6

Is Person 1 of Hispanic, Latino, or Spanish origin?

Responses:

Response / code	Option
1	No, not of Hispanic, Latino, or Spanish origin
2	Yes, Mexican, Mexican Am., Chicano
3	Yes, Puerto Rican
4	Yes, Cuban
5	Yes, another Hispanic, Latino, or Spanish origin — print origin

Question type: 2 — categories plus write-in

Notes: Hispanic origin is asked separately from race.

Source: English informational questionnaire English questionnaire English/Spanish questionnaire

Australia

Status: Yes
Year: 2016 & 2021
Form: Australian Census Forms
Question: 2016 Q9; 2021 Q8/Q10

Is the person of Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander origin?

Responses:

Response / code	Option
1	No
2	Yes, Aboriginal
3	Yes, Torres Strait Islander

Question type: 2 — origin categories

Notes: This is an Indigenous-origin item rather than a race item.

Source: 2016 personal form 2016 household form 2016 online text version 2021 personal form 2021 household form 2021 household/interviewer form

Cook Islands

Status: Yes
Year: 2016 & 2021
Form: Cook Islands Personal Forms
Question: 2016 P10; 2021 Q10

Which ethnic group do you belong to?

Responses:

Response / code	Option
1	Cook Islands Maori
2	Part Cook Islands Maori
3	New Zealand Maori
4	New Zealand European
5	Fijian
6	Samoan
7	Other ethnicity — please specify

Question type: 2 — specified categories plus write-in

Notes: The question asks respondents to select the one option that best describes their ethnic group.

Source: Cook Islands 2016 personal Cook Islands 2021 personal

Fiji

Status: Yes
Year: 2017
Form: Fiji Census 2017 Questionnaire — Module A
Question: A1 / A1a

What is this person's ethnicity?

Responses:

Response / code	Option
01	iTaukei
02	Indo Fijian
03	Chinese
04	European
05	Rotuman
06	Banaban
07	I-Kiribati
08	Ni-Vanuatu
09	PNG
10	Samoan
11	Solomons
12	Tongan
13	Tuvaluan
14	Refuse
15	Other (specify)

Question type: 2 — specified categories plus write-in

Notes: Ethnicity is asked directly in Module A.

Source: Fiji 2017 questionnaire

Kiribati

Status: Yes
Year: 2020
Form: Kiribati Population Census — Person Roster
Question: P5

What is %rostertitle%'s ethnicity?

Responses:

Response / code	Option
1	I-Kiribati
2	Kiribati/Mix
3	Tuvaluan
4	Chinese
5	Australian
6	Other ethnicity — specify

Question type: 2 — specified categories plus write-in

Notes: The questionnaire asks ethnicity explicitly.

Source: Kiribati questionnaire

Nauru

Status: Yes
Year: 2021
Form: Nauru Population and Housing Census — Module 3
Question: 301

What is %rostertitle%'s ethnicity/identity?

Responses:

Response / code	Option
1	Nauruan
2	Kiribati
3	Tuvaluan
4	Australian
5	New Zealander
6	Fijian
7	Solomon Islander
8	Filipino
9	Chinese
10	Taiwanese
11	Indian
12	Other ethnicity — specify

Question type: 2 — specified categories plus write-in

Notes: The item is explicitly labelled ethnicity/identity.

Source: Nauru questionnaire

New Caledonia

Status: Yes
Year: 2025
Form: Recensement de la population — Bulletin individuel
Question: Q6

À quelle(s) communauté(s) estimez-vous appartenir ? / Which community or communities do you consider yourself to belong to?

Responses:

Response / code	Option
1	Kanak
2	European
3	Indonesian
4	Ni-Vanuatu
5	Tahitian
6	Vietnamese
7	Wallisian, Futunian
8	Other Asian
9	Other — specify

Question type: 3 — multiple response with write-in

Notes: The form permits multiple responses, specifically noting this for people who consider themselves mixed.

Source: New Caledonia questionnaire

New Zealand

Status: Yes
Year: 2023
Form: 2023 Census Individual Form
Question: Q8

Which ethnic group do you belong to?

Responses:

Response / code	Option
01	European
02	Māori
03	Pacific Peoples
04	Asian
05	Middle Eastern/Latin American/African
06	Other ethnicity — specify

Question type: 3 — multiple response with write-in

Notes: Stats NZ identifies ethnicity as an unchanged 2023 Individual Form question; respondents can report more than one ethnic group.

Source: new_zealand_2023_individual.pdf

Northern Mariana Islands

Status: Yes
Year: 2020
Form: 2020 U.S. Decennial Census Questionnaire
Question: Q8 / Q6

Is Person 1 of Hispanic, Latino, or Spanish origin?

Responses:

Response / code	Option
1	No, not of Hispanic, Latino, or Spanish origin
2	Yes, Mexican, Mexican Am., Chicano
3	Yes, Puerto Rican
4	Yes, Cuban
5	Yes, another Hispanic, Latino, or Spanish origin — print origin

Question type: 2 — specified categories plus write-in

Notes: The questionnaire explicitly instructs respondents to answer Hispanic origin separately from race.

Source: CNMI questionnaire

Palau

Status: Yes
Year: 2020
Form: 2020 Census of Population and Housing — Section C
Question: C1

What is …’s ethnic origin or race?

Responses:

Response / code	Option
1	Palauan
2	Carolinian
3	Asian
4	Caucasian
5	Black
6	Other — write in

Question type: 2 — combined ethnic-origin/race item

Notes: The 2020 Palau report explains that C1 measured ethnic origin or race through self-identification.

Source: Palau questionnaire

Tonga

Status: Yes
Year: 2021
Form: Tonga Population and Housing Census — Individual Form
Question: ID1.13

Which ethnic group does this person belong to? (Select all answers which applies to this person)

Responses:

Response / code	Option
1	Tongan
2	European
3	Fijian
4	Samoan
5	Indian
6	Chinese
7	Other Pacific Islander (specify)
8	Other Asian (specify)
9	Other (specify)

Question type: 3 — multiple response with write-ins

Notes: The form uses a yes/no coding approach for each ethnic group, allowing multiple applicable groups.

Source: Tonga individual

Tuvalu

Status: Yes
Year: 2017
Form: 2017 Tuvalu Mini CPH — Person Details
Question: PM1

What is %rostertitle% ethnicity?

Responses:

Response / code	Option
01	Tuvaluan
02	Tuvaluan / I-Kiribati
03	Tuvaluan / Other
04	Other — specify

Question type: 1 — single-select ethnicity plus write-in

Notes: The training manual defines ethnicity as cultural identity normally passed from biological parents and/or the cultural environment in which the person was raised.

Source: Tuvalu 2017 questionnaire Tuvalu 2017 training manual

Tuvalu

Status: Yes
Year: 2022
Form: Tuvalu Long Form Census Questionnaire
Question: P3105

What is %rostertitle%'s ethnicity?

Responses:

Response / code	Option
01	Tuvaluan
02	Tuvaluan / I-Kiribati
03	Tuvaluan / Other
04	Other — specify

Question type: 1 — single-select ethnicity plus write-in

Notes: The 2022 long form uses the same four-category ethnicity structure.

Source: Tuvalu 2022 long form

Vanuatu

Status: Yes
Year: 2020
Form: 2020 National Population and Housing Census Questionnaire
Question: A6

Which of the following ethnic groups do XYZ identify with?

Responses:

Response / code	Option
01	Ni-Vanuatu only
02	Part Ni-Vanuatu
03	Other Melanesian
09	Other(s) — specify
A6b	Specify other ethnicity beside Part Ni-Vanuatu

Question type: 1 — single-select ethnicity with conditional write-ins

Notes: The supplied questionnaire explicitly labels A6 as ethnicity and provides follow-up write-in fields.

Source: Vanuatu 2020 questionnaire