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Tribe / Indigenous Affiliation Questions by Country

South America — countries documented in the supplied census questionnaires

Argentina

Status
Yes
Year
2022
Form
Censo Nacional de Población, Hogares y Viviendas — Individual Population Questionnaire
Question
22–24
22 ¿Se reconoce indígena o descendiente de pueblos indígenas u originarios? / 23 ¿De qué pueblo indígena u originario? / 24 ¿Habla y/o entiende la lengua de ese pueblo indígena u originario?

Responses:

Code / itemResponse
Q22Recognizes as Indigenous or descendant of Indigenous or original peoples: Yes / No / Ignorado.
Q23Which Indigenous or original people? — response field.
Q24Does the person speak and/or understand the language of that Indigenous or original people? — Yes / No / Ignorado.

Question type: 3 — Indigenous self-identification, people/affiliation, and language follow-up

Source: Argentina_2022_enumeration_form_IPUMS_ES.pdf

Bolivia

Status
Yes
Year
2024
Form
Censo de Población y Vivienda 2024 — Boleta Censal
Question
32
¿Se autoidentifica con alguna nación pueblo indígena originario campesino o afroboliviano? Si ¿Con cuál?

Responses:

Code / itemResponse
NoNo
Yes — specify the Indigenous Original Peasant nation/people or Afro-Bolivian identity.

Question type: 2 — self-identification with Indigenous/Original Peasant nation or people or Afro-Bolivian identity

Source: Bolivia_2024_boleta_censal_IPUMS_ES.pdf

Chile

Status
Yes
Year
2024
Form
Censo de Población y Vivienda 2024 — Cuestionario Censal
Question
28
¿Es o se considera perteneciente a algún pueblo indígena u originario?

Responses:

Code / itemResponse
1Mapuche
2Aymara
3Rapa Nui
4Atacameño o Lickanantay
5Quechua
6Colla
7Diaguita
8Kawésqar
9Yagán
10Chango
11Selk’nam
12Otro — Other

Question type: 2 — specified response; respondents who answer yes are asked “¿A cuál?”

Source: Chile_2024_cuestionario_viviendas_particulares_INE.pdf

Brazil

Status
Yes
Year
2022
Form
Censo Demográfico 2022 — Questionário Amostra
Question
4.03
Qual a sua etnia, povo ou grupo indígena?

For people who declared or consider themselves Indigenous, the questionnaire records the Indigenous ethnicity, people, or group in up to two entries. This is the questionnaire's Indigenous/tribal affiliation item.

Question type: Open/selectable-list response; conditional on Indigenous identification

Source: brazil_2022_long_enumeration_form_IPUMS_PT.pdf

Colombia

Status
Yes
Year
2018
Form
Censo Nacional de Población y Vivienda 2018 — Cuestionario para hogares
Question
37.1–37.4
Indigenous and related subgroup affiliation

Responses / follow-ups:

ItemResponse
37.1¿A cuál pueblo indígena pertenece . . .? — Which Indigenous people does the person belong to? Specify the Indigenous people.
37.2¿A cuál clan pertenece . . .? — Which clan does the person belong to?
37.3¿A cuál vitsa pertenece . . .? — Which vitsa does the person belong to?
37.4¿A cuál kumpania pertenece . . .? — Which kumpania does the person belong to?

Question type: 4 — open-ended Indigenous affiliation follow-ups

Source: Colombia_2018_enumeration_form_IPUMS_ES.pdf

Ecuador

Status
Yes
Year
2022
Form
Censo de Población y Vivienda 2022 — Cuestionario para viviendas particulares
Question
12
¿CUÁL ES LA NACIONALIDAD O PUEBLO INDÍGENA AL QUE PERTENECE (...)?

Responses:

ItemResponse
Nationalidad / Pueblo indígenaSpecify the Indigenous nationality or people; the form provides lists of Indigenous nationalities and peoples.

Interpretation: This is included as tribal/Indigenous affiliation, not citizenship. In the questionnaire it appears within the cultural/ethnic identification block.

Question type: 4 — specified Indigenous nationality/people affiliation

Source: Ecuador_2022_enumeration_form_IPUMS_ES.pdf

Peru

Status
Yes
Year
2017
Form
Censos Nacionales 2017 — Cédula Censal
Question
25
Por sus costumbres y sus antepasados, ¿usted se siente o considera:

Responses:

Code / itemResponse
1Quechua
2Aimara
3Nativo o indígena de la Amazonía — specify
4Perteneciente o parte de otro pueblo indígena u originario — specify

Question type: 2 — Indigenous people/nationality self-identification within the broader identity question

Source: Peru_2017_enumeration_form_IPUMS_ES.pdf